Jiroemon Kimura, born in 1897, died of natural causes at the municipal hospital in his hometown of Kyotango City at 2:08 a.m. local time on Wednesday.
A spokesperson said Kimura had been suffering from pneumonia and was hospitalised since May.
“Kimura has been and will be a treasure of the city,” Kyotango City Mayor Yasushi Nakamura said in a statement.
Kimura celebrated his 116th birthday in April this year. He had seven children, 14 grandchildren, 25 great-grand children and 15 great-great grandchildren.
Kimura’s funeral will take place on Friday. The oldest living person in the world now is 115-year-old Misao Okawa who lives in Japan’s Osaka City.
-BERNAMA